Count the Advantages of Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries

 

Introduction

Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery, the full name of Lithium Iron Phosphate Lithium Ion Battery, refers to lithium ion batteries that use lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode material. Here are the battery naming rules in the industry. At this stage, we usually use the positive electrode. The material is used to name the battery. The negative electrode generally uses graphite as the negative electrode. For example, the ternary battery refers to the NCM or NCA used as the positive electrode material, and the lithium cobalt oxide battery is the lithium cobalt oxide used as the positive electrode material. Similarly, Lithium iron phosphate refers to the lithium iron phosphate material used in the positive electrode.

The positive electrode of lithium ion battery is lithium iron phosphate material, which has great advantages in safety performance and cycle life. These are also one of the most important technical indicators of power batteries. The 1C charging and discharging cycle life can reach 2000 times, puncture does not explode, and it is not easy to burn and explode when overcharged. Lithium iron phosphate cathode material makes large-capacity lithium-ion batteries easier to use in series. In terms of material principle, lithium iron phosphate is also an intercalation and deintercalation process, which is exactly the same as lithium cobaltate and lithium manganate.

Compared with lead-acid batteries, it has a good lifespan. Lead-acid batteries are generally 1-1.5 years; compared with nickel-hydrogen batteries, they have a higher working voltage; compared with nickel-cadmium batteries, they have a better environment Friendliness, this is also an important reason why lithium iron phosphate beat these batteries and set off a lithium battery storm.

The main advantages of China Lifepo4 Battery:

High safety performance

The PO bond in the lithium iron phosphate crystal is stable and difficult to decompose. Even at high temperature or overcharge, it will not collapse and heat up like lithium cobalt oxide or form strong oxidizing substances. The decomposition temperature of lithium iron phosphate is about 600 ℃, so Have good security. Although there have been burning and explosions in the case of overcharging, the safety of overcharging has been greatly improved compared with ordinary liquid electrolyte lithium cobalt oxide batteries and ternary batteries.

Long life

The cycle life of a lead-acid battery is about 300 times, up to about 500 times, while a lithium iron phosphate power battery has a cycle life of more than 2000 times, and the standard charge (0.2C, 5 hours) use can reach 2000 times. Lead-acid batteries of the same quality are "new half a year, half a year old, and half a year repaired", which is 1 to 1.5 years at most, while lithium iron phosphate batteries are used under the same conditions, and the theoretical life span will reach 7 to 8 years. . Considering comprehensively, the performance-price ratio is theoretically more than 4 times that of lead-acid batteries. High-current discharge can quickly charge and discharge high current 2C. Under the special charger, the battery can be fully charged within 40 minutes of 1.5C charging, and the starting current can reach 2C, but lead-acid batteries have no such performance.

Good high temperature performance

The electric heating peak of lithium iron phosphate can reach 350℃-500℃, while lithium manganate and lithium cobaltate are only around 200℃. Wide operating temperature range (-20C--+75C), with high temperature resistance, lithium iron phosphate electric heating peak can reach 350℃-500℃, while lithium manganate and lithium cobaltate are only around 200℃.

large capacity

It has a larger capacity than ordinary batteries (lead-acid, etc.). It is known from the capacity density of the battery that the energy density of a lead-acid battery is about 40WH/kg. The mainstream lithium iron phosphate battery on the market has an energy density of 90WH/ Above kg.

No memory effect

Rechargeable batteries work under conditions that are often fully charged and not discharged, and the capacity will quickly fall below the rated capacity value. This phenomenon is called the memory effect. Like nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium batteries, there is memory, but lithium iron phosphate batteries do not have this phenomenon (lithium-ion batteries generally have no memory effect). No matter what state the battery is in, it can be charged and used without having to discharge it first.

 

Light weight

The volume of a lithium iron phosphate battery of the same specification and capacity is 2/3 of the volume of a lead-acid battery, and its weight is 1/3 of that of a lead-acid battery, and its energy density is several times that of a lead-acid battery.

Environmentally friendly</>

The battery is generally considered to be free of any heavy metals and rare metals (the nickel-hydrogen battery requires rare metals), non-toxic (SGS certification), non-polluting, in line with European RoHS regulations, and a green battery. An important reason why lithium batteries are favored by the industry is environmental considerations.

 

But please face it squarely. Lithium batteries belong to the new energy industry, but they cannot avoid the problem of heavy metal pollution. Lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, etc. in the processing of metal materials may be released into dust and water. The battery itself is a chemical substance, so there may be two kinds of pollution: one is the pollution of process excrement in the production engineering; the other is the pollution of the battery after it is scrapped.

Comparison of other materials

At present, the most promising cathode materials used in power lithium-ion batteries are modified lithium manganate (LiMn2O4), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) and lithium nickel cobalt manganate (Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2) ternary material. Due to the lack of cobalt resources and the high content of nickel and cobalt and the large price fluctuations, it is generally believed that it is difficult to become the mainstream of power-type lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles, but it can be compared with spinel manganese acid. Lithium is mixed and used within a certain range.

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Lithium-Ion Batteries Are Widely Used in Various Fields

 As we all know, new market demand for lithium-ion batteries is forming very quickly. Lithium Ion Cylindrical Cell is currently divided into three major parts. The first piece is consumer electronics. Now everyone on mobile devices, most of the smart phones, notebook computers have already used lithium-ion batteries, this market capacity can basically be calculated in units of tens of billions. The second area is the emerging demand for electric vehicles, whether it is pure electric vehicles or plug-in hybrid vehicles, the current demand has gradually formed. The third piece is to remind colleagues that in the future lithium batteries will be used in the field of energy storage. Its market capacity will be broader than that of electric vehicles, and its market can even be measured by a trillion of output value.

The demand for electric vehicles and energy storage markets has created a new market space for lithium-ion batteries. At present, a group of enterprises with technical foundation and production capacity are growing very fast, and the technological progress of power battery is also very rapid.

Rechargeable Li-ion Cells are currently one of the commonly used battery types in electric vehicles and are being used by more and more new energy vehicles. Although the energy density of lithium-ion batteries cannot be compared with gasoline at all, it is extremely difficult for other battery technologies to reach the level of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries cannot be replaced by other batteries in terms of energy density and service life. At present, lithium batteries equipped with mainstream electric vehicles mainly include lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries. Compared with lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary lithium batteries have a much higher weight and energy density. In addition, the low temperature resistance of ternary lithium batteries in winter is much higher than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries. This means that a ternary lithium battery of the same weight has a longer cruising range than a lithium iron phosphate battery. As the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries has little room for improvement, and there is still room for development of ternary lithium batteries, ternary lithium batteries will become the technological trend of electric vehicles in the future.

Rechargeable Li-Ion Cells

From the current point of view, the requirements of electric vehicles and energy storage applications require safety, high energy density, long life, low cost, and products with considerable mature technology to achieve industrialization to match the rapid development of these two industries. Looking at it now, lithium-ion power batteries are currently the best choice. The broad market demand is also attracting a lot of R&D and manufacturing investment into this industry, which has promoted the rapid development of lithium-ion battery technology, so this industry has developed very fast recently. When it comes to power batteries, in fact, technology is very important. Power batteries pursue five aspects of performance, safety is the first priority, the other two pursuits, one is energy density, the other is power density, and the most important is service life.

What's the Difference Between a Lithium Battery and a Lithium Ion Battery?

 When it comes to batteries, you have many options. There is no shortage of diversity in the industry, from button batteries to car batteries. There are also many different terms, which can be confusing. Today, we're going to look at lithium batteries and lithium-ion batteries.

The similarities between lithium batteries and lithium ion batteries

Before we discuss the differences between the two types of batteries, let's look at the similarities. In both cases, they provide portable power. They do this by storing electrical charges in the chemical composition. Moreover, when you connect their electrodes to create a circuit, the charge flows between the cathode and anode, generating a current that provides power to any device that USES the battery.

What's the difference between a lithium battery and a lithium-ion battery

Although there is a long explanation for the difference between the two types of batteries, it mainly comes down to the fact that lithium-ion batteries are rechargeable and lithium-ion batteries are disposable.

If that explanation is enough for you, you're fine.If you're still curious about specific changes between lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion batteries, we're happy to explain.

The most obvious difference between lithium-ion and lithium-ion batteries is the type of battery they use. Lithium batteries have a galvanic structure. This means they are disposable or non-rechargeable.On the other hand, the ion battery has a secondary battery structure. This means they can be recharged and used over and over again.

Lithium Ion Cylindrical Cell

Lithium batteries were invented before lithium-ion batteries. But because they cannot be charged safely or easily, companies have an incentive to come up with rechargeable alternatives. Input the lithium-ion battery. These batteries can be recharged multiple times before they degrade.

So, if Lithium Ion Cylindrical Cell were rechargeable, why did Lithium batteries exist? Although they cannot be recharged, lithium-ion batteries have a greater capacity than lithium-ion batteries. They have a higher energy density, allowing them to charge for longer periods of time on a single charge, even if it's only a single charge. They are also easy to make and therefore cheap to buy. This is because their anodes use lithium metal, whereas lithium-ion batteries use many materials to form their anodes. Finally, lithium-ion batteries can sit on a shelf for years without going bad, while lithium-ion batteries are worthless after just three years.

The history of lithium and lithium ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries have only been on the market for about 40 years, but have been working since the early 1900s. Chemists have been working on lithium batteries since 1912. But they have been trying to make it stable for consumers to use. In the 1970s, they finally became a viable option for the consumer market. Since then, it has taken chemists about two decades to develop rechargeable batteries, known as lithium-ion batteries, which came out in 1991. It replaces older rechargeable batteries, which are heavier and less efficient.

Use of lithium and lithium-ion batteries

Since both of these options have a lot of power relative to their size, they are included in many items, including flashlights, toys, laptops, and cell phones. Lithium-ion batteries are especially suitable for items that are critical to extending battery life, such as pacemakers, watches, hearing AIDS, remote-controlled toys, general controls, digital cameras, calculators, and smoke detectors. Frequently charged items use lithium-ion batteries, such as smart devices, emergency backup power supplies, recreational vehicles, boats, solar storage devices, alarm systems, portable power supplies, and wireless medical technology.

We have a large number of different types of Rechargeable Li-ion Cells in stock, and we can dispatch to you from the site to determine which one suits your needs.

What Are the Advantages of Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries?

During the charging process, part of the lithium ions in the lithium iron phosphate are extracted, transferred to the negative electrode through the electrolyte, and embedded in the negative electrode carbon material; at the same time , electrons are released from the positive electrode and reach the negative electrode from the external circuit to maintain the balance of the chemical reaction.  During the discharge process, lithium ions are extracted from the negative electrode and reach the positive electrode through the electrolyte. At the same time, the negative electrode releases electrons and reaches the positive electrode from the external circuit to provide energy for the outside world. Lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages of high working voltage, high energy density, long cycle life, good safety performance, low self-discharge rate and no memory effect.

Lifepo4 Ebike Battery

Battery structure characteristics

On the left of the Rechargeable LiFePO4 Battery is a positive electrode made of LiFePO4 material with an olivine structure, which is connected to the positive electrode of the battery by aluminum foil.  On the right is the negative electrode of the battery composed of carbon (graphite), connected to the negative electrode of the battery by copper foil.  In the middle is a polymer separator, which separates the positive electrode from the negative electrode. Lithium ions can pass through the separator but electrons cannot pass through the separator.  The battery is filled with electrolyte, and the battery is hermetically sealed by a metal casing.

Principles of battery charging and discharging

The charging and discharging reaction of LiFePO4 Ebike Battery is carried out between the two phases of LiFePO4 and LiFePO4. During the charging process, LiFePO4 gradually separates from the lithium ions to form LiFePO4, and during the discharge process, lithium ions are inserted into LiFePO4 to form LiFePO4.

When the battery is charged, lithium ions migrate from the lithium iron phosphate crystal to the crystal surface, under the action of the electric field force, enter the electrolyte, then pass through the diaphragm, and then migrate to the surface of the graphite crystal through the electrolyte, and then are embedded in the graphite lattice.

At the same time, electrons flow through the conductor to the aluminum foil collector of the positive electrode, flow through the tab, battery positive pole, external circuit, negative pole, and negative pole to the copper foil collector of the battery negative pole, and then flow to the graphite negative pole through the conductor. , To balance the negative electrode charge. After the lithium ions are deintercalated from the lithium iron phosphate, the lithium iron phosphate is converted into iron phosphate.

When the battery is discharged, lithium ions are extracted from the graphite crystal, enter the electrolyte, and then pass through the diaphragm, migrate to the surface of the lithium iron phosphate crystal through the electrolyte, and then re-embed in the lithium iron phosphate lattice.

At the same time, electrons flow through the conductor to the copper foil collector of the negative electrode, through the tab, battery negative pole, external circuit, positive pole, and positive pole to the aluminum foil collector of the battery positive pole, and then flow to the iron phosphate through the conductor. Lithium cathode balances the charge of the anode. After the lithium ions are inserted into the iron phosphate crystal, the iron phosphate is converted into lithium iron phosphate.

Advantages of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery

1. Security

As a production tool, forklifts are used for a long time every day. The first thing to consider is safety. We can see that some vehicles use lead-acid batteries, which have no safety guarantee. There are many cases of battery spontaneous combustion and burning by impact. Another example is the continuous fire event of some lithium battery cars. The thermal runaway temperature of the ternary lithium battery is about 200℃. Once the heat reaches 200℃, it will explode and naturally, while the thermal runaway temperature of the lithium iron phosphate battery is 750℃. It burns for 30 minutes without exploding, and lithium iron phosphate is safer.

2. Long life

The life of lithium iron phosphate batteries is basically over 8 to 10 years, basically the same as that of vehicles, while the cycle life of ternary lithium batteries is generally only 1/3 to 1/2 of that of lithium iron phosphate.

3. Energy density

Energy density, as the name implies, is the energy that a unit weight of battery can hold.  Energy density is usually an important indicator for judging the battery's superiority. Although the low energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is not an advantage, in the use of forklifts, because forklifts do not require compressed space like household vehicles, energy density is not very important in battery performance indicators. Important, on the contrary, the low energy density makes the price of lithium iron phosphate batteries low, so the low energy density feature becomes an advantage in the use of forklifts.

In summary, lithium iron phosphate battery is by far the best power battery in the forklift industry.  All of the above are all related to the selection of battery cell types. With a good battery cell and a mature PACK solution, a complete power battery can be achieved.